Machine for making tubular shells.



No. 724,104. PATENTED MAR.31,11903.

' c.v E. INGALS az-A. v.` JACKSON.

MAGHINB PoR MAKING .TUBULAR sHBLLs.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 15, 1.902.

No MODEL; 4 sHEETssE'sETl.

ma Noums Pneus co, PoYauTnD.. WASHINGTON D, c.

JN0. 724,104. "ff y, PATENTBD'MAR. s1, 1900; 0 G. VINGrALS & JACKSON. MACHINE FR MAKING, 'UBULARA SHIEL-LS.

' AEPLIGATIONHLBD JULY 15, 1002.A y

0 x f 0 v 4 sums-snm a. 0

NO MODEL. E*

ITNESSES.- I

No. 724,104. l PATBNTBD MAR. 31., 1903. v u. E. INGALS u A. v. JACKSON. 1 MACHINE PoR MAKINGTUBULARSHBLLS. j NO MOD'EL. K APPIIOA'IVIOJgIDJUlL/WOZ. I. *4 SHLETSS'HETB 4 A` Y n A356/ l -V h g ,y *A

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PATBNTND MAN. 31--, A903.`

c. E. INGALs & A. v. JACKSON. MACHINE FON MAKING TUBULAN sNNLLs. APPLIOATION FILED JULY 15, 1902.

4 SHEEI: S SHEET l NOIMODEL.

1H: nomma versus co. FMDTQUTHC. wAsnlNaToN. ol cA UNITED STATES- PATENT OHAUNCEY E. INGALS AND ARTHUR V. JACKSON, OF WEST BERKELEY,

' CALIFORNIA.

MAoi-ilN-EFQR MAKING TUBULAR sHELLs.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 724,104, dated March 31, 1903.

Application tiled July 15,1902. Serial No. 115,619. (No model.)

is to provide an automatic machine for making tubular shells designed particularly for usc with d ynamite-cartridges.

1t consists of the parts and the'combination and construction of parts, as hereinafter set forth, having reference to the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a side elevation of our invention, omitting part of the tube-forming mechanism, viewed on lines u: 0c, Fig. 4. `Fig. 2 is a detail in section of a folder. Fig. 3 is an end View ofsame in connection with operating-levers.

ments composing a tube-former. a view of the complementary segment of the same. Fig. 7 is a longitudinal sectional View of a tube-former. Fig. 8 is a view of the inf termittent stop movement operating the tubeformers. Fig. 9 is a View of thelironer. Fig.` 10 is an end elevation of the box on line y y. Fig. 11 is a side View of a fragment of the same. Fig. 12 shows the printing attachment.`

Fig. 13 is a side elevation of the oscillating table and kindred parts. Fig. 14 is a plan of the same. l

A represents the framework of our machine. At One end is situated a box-like structure 2, open at the top, in which is a vertically and intermittently movable fol lower 3, supporting the blanksA of paper, cardboard, or other suitable material from which the shells are to be made. y

Sheets or blanks of suitable size to form a shell are placed in the box on top`of` the follower, which is perforated, as at 3, along one side and the rear end to receive guide-rods which extend down into the frame, whereby sheets of diderent sizes may be taken inthe same machine to form tubes of varying di- Fig. 4, is a plan view of our invention. 5 ils a view of one of the seg- Fig. 6 is `projecting pinon lever 6.

Yplays back vand forth in the slot, according as 'ameter and length. The opposite side of the sheets is adjusted by means of the guide-bars 3b, operated by screws 3C for the purpose of regulating the overlap of the sheets ou the mandrels or formers around which the sheets are wound in the subsequent movements of medium of a lever-arm, fulcrumed loosely on the shaft 7 and carrying a pawl 8, engaging'a ratchet 9 on shaft 7. The latter and shafts 4 are connected by suitable bevelgearing l0. Lever 6 isoscillated by means of :the horizontally-reciprocating rod 11, which is actuated by a cam 1 2 on shaft 13. The latter is driven through connections 14, Fig. 4, with the main shaft 15, which derives power from any suitable source. .A spring 16 serves to retract the rod in opposition to the movementof cam 12. Y v

The rod 11 is slotted, as at 1l', to receive a This projection sleeve 11a is adjusted on the rod to lengthen :or shorten the slot. This is for the purpose `lof regulating the movement of the follower accordingto the thickness of the sheets or .of the slot or the end of the sleeve, and the :greater the'lost motion ol"V lever 6 the less the vmovement of the follower, and vice versa.

The, rod 11 is supported in guides 17 and connects with links 18, fulcrumed intermediate of their ends at 19. The upper ends of the links are pivotally connected with rods 20, which are slidable in guides 21 and carry the means by which the blank is fed from the box into the rollers which are to take the blanks forward to the next stage in the operation. This feed mechanism consists of a foot-piece 22, pivoted on a cross-bar 23, adjustably secured to t he rods 20. The bottom of this foot-piece is adapted always to bear on the top sheet or blank in the box and isv ICO assisted in this respect by a spring 24. On the forward reciprocation of the rods 20 the foot-piece engages the sheet to carry the latter forward the length of the stroke. Before the rearward stroke begins the sheet is seized by the rollers 30 and the foot-piece slides back over the sheet. During the forward stroke of the feed the front edge of the sheet is prevented from projecting over the box by the vertically-movable fingers 25, adapted normally to project above the column of blanks. The retraction of the fingers 25 is effected by means of a cam 26 on shaft 13 engaging momentarily at each revolution of the shaft a spring-pressed lever 27, 'connected to plate 27", which is slidable in guides 2S and to which plate the fingers are attached. The forward feed of the blanks is assisted by reason of the follower being formed with a central transverse convexed surface 29, which causes the columns of blanks to be likewise curved, thereby aiding the foot-piece in its operation. The intel-position of the lingers in the path of the traveling upper blank causes the latter to buckle against or form a fold behind the fingers, so that the moment the fingers are forced down (the pressure of the foot still being on the blank) the blanks straighten out to shoot the front edge in between the feed-rollers-30 30', where the sheet is seized and rapidly drawn forward onto and between the sections of the oscillating skeleton apron or table 31 and beneath the brushroller 32. The table or. apron 31 consists of a bed-plate 42, pivot-ally supported on rockerarms 37, having their lower ends pivoted to frame A at 38. On top ofthe bed-plate are secured upper and lower guard-bars, which project beyond the rear end of the plate 42 into close proximity with the rollers 30 30. The upper set of guide-bars is supported by the transverse bars 31, movable with the apron. The sheet is received in between these sets of guard-bars and is prevented while therein from buckling. The brushes on roller 32, which is journaled on the apron, pass down between the upper bars to engage the paper and feed it forward. The upper roller 3() is journaled in the frame A and driven constantly by a cross-belt 33 from a pulley 34, journaled in the frame. The shaft carrying pulley 34 has a pulley 35, connecting with a large pulley 35 on shaft 13. The shaft of pulley 34 has also a friction-pulley adapted to engage a si milarpulley 36 on the brushroller 32. The lower feed-roller 30' is journaled in lever-arms 43, which are pivoted to the frame at 43. These arms are connect- 'ed by a cross-bar 43, which is adapted to through before the cam releases the leverarms and allows the roller 30 to drop down.

Vper set of bars on the apron.

Just as the rear edge of the sheet emerges from between the feed-rollers the front edge of the sheet engages dogs 43, carried ou arms 43 and projecting up through slots 41"t in bedplate 41. These dogs stop the forward progress of the sheet long enough to allow a paste mechanism to be operated to apply an adhesive substance to the under side and near the rear edge of the sheet. justable on the arms 43, so as to accommodate sheets of various sizes and have the sheets always stop with their rear edge in the same position in relation to the paste mechanism. In thepresent instance this latter consists of a box 100, supported on the pivoted arms 101, which have a projection 102 adapted to be engaged by a cam or nose 103 on shaft 13 to press the box upward by a short quick movement against the edge of the sheet at the right moment. The sheet is supported from above during this operation by the rear transverse bar 31a. This box has a perforated upper edge covered by felt or other suitable material and having notches 104 at suitable intervals to accommodate the lower set of bars of the apron 3l, so that no part of the machine ever becomes contaminated by any paste or glue, either from the box or from the glue being rubbed off of asheet as the latter travels forward; Glue or paste in liquid form is fed continuously to the box through a flexible hose connection 105. The moment that the paste has been applied cam 43h releases the arms 43 to allow roller 30' and dogs 43c to drop. The brushes 32, which have been revolving all the time owing to the continued frictional engagement of pulley 36, have not disturbed the sheet, as the latter was prevented from advancing by reason of the dogs 432 and were kept from buckling by the up- The moment, however, the dogs drop the brushes carry the sheet forward till it projects over the edge of the table or apron a distance regulated by the length of the fingers or stops 45, which are pivoted to the arms 37 and are normally supported on projections 47 on the arms. At

that moment the table is lifted in opposition` to spring 44 by means of a cam 39 on shaft 13 engaging a bar 40, pivotally connected with rods 41, which unite the sets of artns on either side of the machine. This movement of the table through the arc described by arms 37 causes the brush-roller 32, which is carried with the table, to cease turning. The roller, however, still bears on the sheet to hold it on the table. The upward movement of the arms 37 so changes the relative position of the projections 47 to the table that as the latter raises the fingers 45 drop, leaving the sheet projecting beyond the edge of the table. This stlilices to advance the sheet between the circular clamp tube formers or rollers when the latter have been opened by a bell-crank-lever mechanism 4S. 1t will first be necessary to describe these formers and the manner in which they are op- The dogs are ad ICC IOS

IIO

erated.- The terms formels form-rollers, and mandrels are used interchangeably.

Each former consists of two cylindrical segments 49 50. The tirst is provided with a tubular shoulder 51 at one end. The inner end of the shoulder is grooved to receive one end of the segment 50. The other ends of the segments are provided With respectivemale and'female coupling members 52 53 on their inner concaved surfaces, so that when the segments are brought together they will interlock, and one segment will have a slight rotatable movement in reference to the other, as each segment is in cross-section a trie less than a semicircle described from the center of the tube. In consequence when their rear edges are in contact the two adjacent front edges will be separated to form an eX- tended slot or jaw-opening 54. Moreover, the couplings 52 53 are each formed with ec- 'centric engaging surfaces, as indicated in Figs. 5 and 6, so that when segment 50 is rotated to open the jaws the diameter of the tube-former will be contracted in order to allow a cartridge-tube to be readily removed, as will be more fully understood later on. The segments are turnable about a hollow rod or spindle 55, which has its outer projecting end threaded. A hollow nut 56 screws in the other end of the spindle to retain the segments in position thereon. Each segment is provided with respective front and rear projections 57 58, the latter. having their-adjacent surfaces socketed at 59, as shown in Figs. 6 and 5, to receive the ends of a spring 60, Fig. 1, by which the jaw-opening 54 is normally closed, as when the edge of a sheet or blank 4is engaged. The threaded end of each spindle is adapted to be secured in a drum or disk 61, fixed upon a sleeve 62, which latter is turnable intermittently on the stationary shaft 63. The opposite ends of the tube-formers or mandrels are unsupported and are so disposed in relation to the table 3l and the sheet carried by the latter that the formers will not extend to the outer edge of the sheet, but leave a portion of the latter projecting when Wound into cylinders on the mandrels, which projecting portion is folded in to close the end of the cylinders in a manner to be described shortly. The intermittent movement of the sleeve and disk is lef- .fected by suitable stop movement between As shown .in

The tube-formels or mandrels are` rotated on their spindles during the revolution of the disk by the following means and in the following manner: Each mandrel'has a gear 69 upon its shoulder portion, which engages a gear 70, turnable on an arbor secured to the disk 61. On the same hub with gear are three gears 71 72 73 side by side, but of different diameters. Meshing with these latter gears successively in the revolution of-the disk are respective fixed segmental gears 74 76 upon a hub 77, fixed to the stationary shaft 63. The disposition and length of these segments are such that the gears 71 and 74 engage during the first movement of the disk in its revolution. The gears 72 and 75 engage during the second, third, and fourth movements, and gears 73 and 76 engage during Ythe Iifth or last movement of the disk. This gearing is so arranged that each movement of the disk Will cause a mandrel to make a certain number of turns or fractions thereof and bring the side having the opening 54 into a particular position. The beginning of a revolution of the drum-disk is considered that moment when a mandrel has been brought adjacent to and into the same plane with the top of the elevated table 31 and the segments are in position to receive the edge of the sheet-into the opening 54, as indicated in Fig. 1.

The operation of the various movable parts of the machine is so timed that a mandrel or former will come into position and the lever 48 will operate to open the segments in anticipation of the elevation of the table. One arm of lever 48is engaged by a cam on shaft 13 at each revolution of the latter to oscillate the lever and cause a wedge-like projection 79 on the other arm to strike in between the two projections 57 on the mandrel to open the jaw-segments. The latter are held in open position until the table 31 raises and introduces into the jaw-opening 54 the projecting edge of a blank. As the cam releases the lever 48 the latter falls awayfrom the tube-former by reason of the action of spring 80. Simultaneously the cam 39 releases table 31, which returns to its lower position to receive a fresh sheet. charged sheet is firmly gripped lbetweenthe two edges of the segments of the mandrel, due to the operation of the spring 60. The c ontacting jaw-surfaces of the segments are formed with projections 8l to assist in grip- .ping the paper securely. Immediately on the release of the lever 48 the disk turns and.

end of its first fifth of a revolution.Y They ironer is secured to brackets 83,.ixed rigid on the stationary shaft 63, and is adjustable to It is during,

mandrels of varying diameters.

the first movement of the disk that the large segmental gear 74 engages the small pinion ,71 to drive the mandrel at greatest speed.

The recentlydis- IDO IIO

As the succeeding segments gradually diminish in size their engaging pinions correspondingly increase, and consequently the mandrel makes less revolutions during 'the second, third, and fourth movements than it did during the first and less in the fifth than in any of the preceding. In actual practice a formroller revolves two and a half times during the first fifth of a revolution of the disk. This suffices to wind up the sheet into a cylinder or tube and to paste down the edge. The relation ot' the gears 72 75 are such that the roller revolves two and a quarter times during each of the second, third, and fourth movements, and in the fifth movement it revolves only one and three quarter times. Thus each former makes eleven full revolutions to one of the disk and is brought back into precisely the same position it started from` with the projections 57 opposed to the wedge projections 79 on lever 48. It is'obvious, however, that we may vary the relation of these gears, as we may also vary certain other details of the machine, without altering the principle of our invention. Having rolled the sheet into a tube during the first movement, the shell is completed by folding in the end which overlaps the mandrel. This overlap will Vary according to the diameter of the mandrel used, being less for smaller sizes and greater for the larger ones. Hence the function of guides 3b. This folding is done during the succeeding intermittent movements ofthe disk or drum and mandrels by the following means: A stationary disk S4, having a hub portion fixed to shaft 63, carries four radially-slidable guided iingers or folding members 85. These members or folders are normally retracted within the disk by means of spring S6. A cam-disk 87 is loosely turnable on the hub of the stationary disk S4 and is adapted to be oscillated by means of a lever mechanism 87, actuated from shaft 13, to engage a ledge 88 on each of the folders to force them outward simultaneously. The part-s are held in position by a guideplate 89, screwing onto the hub. The disk 84 is disposed on the shaft 63 in such relation to the ends of the lnandrels that afolder 85 will be directly beneath and flush with the end of a mandrel When either of the latter stop in their second, third, fourth, and fifth positions. As the mandrels stop in these positions the cam on shaft 13 operates the lever mechanism S7 to oscillate the cam-plate 87 to drive the four folders outward simultaneously across the end of the mandrel and fold in a quarter of the overlapping end of the paper tube. Each folder is peculiarly designed to do its particular part of the work and insure all the edges of the tube being properly engaged and turned in. The reciprocation of the folders is less than the diameter of a form-roller. As each movement of-the disk brings the tube into a different position before a folder, the end of the tube will be evenly folded on reaching the fifth position. The action of these ya plunger 90, disposed in line with the roller and carried upon a sleeve 91, slidable in a featheron the stationary shaft 63 and actuated by means of a cam 92 on shaft 13 engaging the lever 93. A spring 94 acts to retract the plunger. 0n the mandrel arriving with its folded and crimped tube again in the original first position the projection 79 on lever 48 engages the projections 57 to open the clampseginents and release the tube on the formroller, and the finished tube or shell is blown from the now-contracted roller by means of an air-blast passing through a pipe 95, leaving the empty mandrel ready to engage a fresh sheet on the approaching table. The latter has a mouth portion 96, which is always in contact with the disk and is disposed in the path of the ends of the hollow spindles. Hot air is preferably used for the reason that the mandrels gradually become heated and assist the drying of the glue on the tubes, and this heat eventually becomes transmitted to the ironer, further assisting inl the drying process. A Valve 97 is actuated at the proper moment by means of a cam 9S on shaft 13 to supply air to pipe 95.

If desired, a printing attachment 99, Figs. 4 and 12, may be secured to the shaft 63 and imprint the manufacturers name upon the shell as the form-roller disk revolves.

In the operation of this machine the timing of the various movable parts is so regulated that the several movements are cordinated to achieve the results in a manner substantially as herein described.

By replacing the mandrels at any time by others of different diameter and changing the folding-fingers shells of any desired size may be made by the same machine.

Having thus described our invention, what we claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. The combination in a machine of the character described, of an intermittently-operating feed mechanism, an oscillating table upon which the sheets are delivered singly, stop means proximate to the edge of the table with which the sheet' is adapted to engage, and tube-former mechanism to which said sheets are delivered from said table.

2. The combination in a machine of the character described of feed mechanism, an oscillating skeleton table upon which said sheets are delivered singly, stop means proximate to the edge of the table with which the sheet is adapted to engage, and tube-former mechanism including rotatable tubular seg- IOC ments between which the edge of f'a sheet is adapted to be engaged.

3. The combination in a machine of the character described, of a box, an intermittently-movable, vertically-actuated follower supporting the blanks, a reciprocating feeder operating at right angles to the follower, means disposed in the path of the front edge of the blanks to temporarily arrest the forward movement thereof, an oscillating table upon which the sheets are delivered singly, and tube-forming mechanism to which said sheets are delivered from the table.

4. The combination in a machine of the character described, of an intermittentlybperating feed mechanism, 'a movable support upon which the sheets aredelivered singly, stop means near the edge of the support with which the edge of the sheet is adapted to engage, and tube-forming mechanism including intermittently-rotaiable cylindrical segments.

5. In a continuonsly-operating machine of the character described, the combination of feed mechanism,an oscillating delivery-table, means disposed in the path of the front edge of the blanks to temporarily arrest the forward movement thereof, and rotatable tubeforming mechanism.

G. A continuonsly-operating shell-making machine, including in combination a feed mechanism, a movable table upon which the blanks are delivered by said feed mechanism, and rotatable tube-formers having an intermittent movement cordinate with the movement of said feed mechanism and table.

7. Ay continuously-operating shell-making machine, including in combination an intermittently-movable follower, a reciprocating feed mechanism, tube-formers, means inter-` mediate of said formers and feed mechanism by which the blanks are delivered to said formers, and stop means between the feed mechanism and delivery mechanism for temporarilyarresting the movement of the front edge ot the blanks during the operation of the feeding mechanism.

8. A continuously-operating shell-making machine including in combination a vertically and intermittently movable follower, a reciprocating feeder, an intermittently-movable table, stop means beyond the edge of the table with which the sheet is adapted to engage, and intermittently revoluble tubeformers, said formers, tablefeeder and follower having a cordinate movement.

9. In a shell-making machine, the combination of a containing-receptacle for blanks, a vertically movable follower therein, feed mechanism operating in unison with said follower, feed-rollers by which said sheet is advanced, and reciprocating stop means interposed between said rollers and feed mechanism adapted to project into the-path of the sheet to stop the movement thereof during the forward stroke of the feed whereby the sheet is caused to buckle, substantially as the blanks are fed forward from said follower,

means for arresting the forward advance of the front edge of the sheets during the movement of the feeder, sheet-delivery 'mechanism, tube-forming mechanism, and connections between said feeder and the operating means of the follower whereby the feeder and follower are given a cordinate movement.

11. In a machine of the character described, the combination of a containing-receptacle for blanks; a vertically-movable follower therein; means including a lever whereby the follower is given an intermittent movement;

a horizontally-reciprocating foot-piece, and

link connections between said foot-piece and lever whereby the follower and foot-piece are operated in unison; feed-rollers by which the sheet is advanced; and stop means between the feed-rollers and foot-piece and adapted to project into the path of said sheet t-o check the movement thereof during the forward movement of the foot-piece,substantially as and for the purpose described.

12. In a device of thecharacter described, the combination of a containing-receptacle, a vertical intermittently-movable follower, adjustable guide means in connection with said follower by. which blanks of diderent sizes are held in position, a reciprocating feeder and means by which the movement of the follower may be regulated according to the thickness of the blanks to be fed forward, feed-rollers between which the sheet passes, and a movable stop between the rollers and the reciprocating feeder adapted to project into the path of the sheet to temporarily arrest the movement thereof.

13. In a shell-making machine, the combination with suitable feed mechanism of an os- Ico IKO

cillating table, means for advancing the sheet thereon, stop means beyond the edge of the table with whichsaid sheet is adapted to en-v gage and tube-roller mechanism into engagement with which a sheet is adapted to be 15. In an automatic/shell-makingmachine, the combination with suitable feed mechanism of an oscillating table upon which the blanks are delivered singly, feed-roller mechanism carried byI said table, and pivoted stop means upon the rear edge of the table.

t 16. In an automatic shell-making machine,

the combination of feed mechanism, an oscillating table upon which the sheets are delivered singly, stop means between the feed mechanism and table for engaging and temporarily arresting the movement of the front edge of the sheet. and tube-former mechanism to which said sheets` are delivered from said table, said former mechanism including an intermittently-revoluble drum and independently-rotatable tubular clamp members. 17. In a machine ofthe characterdescrilied, a tube-forming mechanism including mandrels having interlocking cylindrical segments between which the edge of a blank or sheet to be rolled may be engaged, said mandrels each having a gear fixed to one end.

18. In a machine of the characterdescribed, a tube-forming mechanisin including a mandrel having interlocking cylindrical segments, one of said segments having a tubular shoulder' and provided with a gear-wheel and said segments having a limited oscillatory movementin relation to cach other and adapted to engage a sheet or blank between two of their adjacent edges.

19. In amachineofthecharacterdescribed, a tube-forming mechanism including a. mandrel having segmental clamp members, said members rotatable about a hollow axis.

20. In a machine of the character described, a tube-former comprising interlocking clamp members rotatable about a'hollow axis and havinga limited oscillating movement in relation to each other, said members having their contact-surfaces eccentric to the axis of the former.-

21. Inamachineof thecharacterdescribed, a tube-former comprising two hollow interlocking cylindrical segments the interlocking members of said segments including a male coupling on one segment and a corresponding female member on the other segment.

22. A tube-former comprising two hollow interlocking cylindrical segments, the interlocking members of said segments including a hollow male coupling on the concaved surface of one segment and a corresponding female coupling on the concaved surface of the other segment, the engaging surfaces of said members being eccentric to the axis of the former.

23. A tube-former comprising two hollow interlocking cylindrical segments, a hollow spindle about which said segments are rotatable, said segments having a limited oscillatory movement in relation to each other, and spring-actuated means by which two of the adjacent edges of said segments are normally pressed together to form jaws to engage a blank.

24. In a shell-making machine, the combination of an intermittently-rotatable support, hollow tube formers on said support and rotatable independently thereof, said tubeformers each including two cylindrical segmental jaws, means by which said jaws are normally kept closed, and means including an oscillating wedge exterior to the former, by which said jaws may be opened to engage the edge of a blank.

25. In a shell-making machine, the combination of a revoluble drutn or disk, independently-rotatable tube-formers carried by said drum, means upon said formers for engaging the edge of a blank, and means by which said formers are revolved at diiierent rates of speed during the revolution of the drum.

26. In a shell-making machine, the cotnbination of an intermittently-rotatable drum, tube-fortners carried thereby and movable in unison therewith, means for revolving the formers successively at different rates of speed, and means upon the formers for engaging the edge of the blank or sheet.

27. The combination in a. shell-making machine of an intertnittently-revoluble drum, rotatable tube-formers thereon, means on said formers for engaging the sheet and means by which said formel-s are revolved successively at diiferent rates of speed during a single revolution of the drum.

28. The combination in a shell-making machine of a drum, means by which said drum is given an intermittent revoluble movement, said means including a slotted spiderv fixed to the drum, and a continuously-rotatable segmental pulley having a pin engaging the slots in said spider, rotatable tube-formers carried by said drum, and means by which blanks are delivered to said formers.

29. The combination in a shell-making machine of an intermittently-revoluble drum, tube-forming rollers on said drum and connections between said rollers and a source of power whereby they are given a different rate of speed at successive movements of the drum during a single revolution of the latter.

3Q. The combination in a shell-making machine of a drum revoluble intermittently about a stationary shaft, tube-forming rollers carried by said drum, segmental gearing on said shaft, and connections between said gearing and the rollers whereby the latter are rotated at different rates of speed during the successive movements of the disk in its revolution.

3l. The combination in a shell-making machine of a stationary shaft, an intermittentlyrotatable drum thereon ,tube-form rollers having interlocking cylindrical clamps, toothed segments carried on said drum and rotatable independently thereof, means whereby the rollers are rotated at different rates of speed, and means by which said clamps are actuated to receive and hold a sheet or blank.

32. The combination in a shell-making ma chine of an intermittently-revoluble disk, tube-form rollers having one end supported by said disk and rotatable therewith, the other end of said rollers unsupported, means for rotating the rollers at different rates of speed, means for delivering blanks to said rollers, and means operable in relation to the intermittent movement of the disk by which ICO IIO

the ends of the blank are folded in against said rollers.

33. The combination in a shell-making machine of an intermittently-revoluble disk, rotatable tube-form ers carried by said disk and unsupported at their outer ends, means for rotating the rollers at different rates of speed, means for delivering blanks'or sheets to said formers, the outer ends of said blanks adapted to extend beyond the ends of the formers and means by which the projecting ends of said blanks are folded in.

34. The combination in a shell-making machine of an intermittently-revo]uble disk, independently-rotatable tube rollers or formers carried by said disk, said formers comprising spring-actuated interlocking cylindrical segments, means by which said segments are operated to receive the edge of a blank or sheet, means for rotating the rollers 0r formers at different rates of speed, and an adjustable plate or ironer engaging said rollers in the revolution of the disk to Wind the sheet upon the rollers.

35. The combination in ashell-making machine of a revolublo disk, tube-form rollers carried on said disk, said rollers comprising interlocking cylindrical clamping-segments rotatable about a hollov.7 spindle, the` mem,

bers of said segments includingr a male coupling on one segment and a corresponding female member on the companion segment, said rollers unsupported at one end, means for delivering sheets or blanks thereto, means engaging said rollers in the revolution of the disk by which the sheets are Wound upon the rollers, means by which the ends of the tubes so formed are folded in and means for discharging the finished tubes from the rollers.

36. The combination in a shell-making Inachine of a stationary shaft, a disk intermittently rotatable thereon, holloW-tube-form rollers carried by said disk and rotatable independently thereof, said rollers unsupported at their outer ends, and including a male coupling on one segment and a corresponding female member on a companion segment, means by Which a blank or sheet is Wound upon said rollers and folding means including reciprocating fingers operable across the end of the roller during the periods of rest of said rollers in the revolution of the disk.

37. The combination in a shell-making machine of an intermittently-rotatable disk, holloW-tube-form rollers carried by said disk, means by which said rollers are rotated upon their` axes during the periods of movement of the drum, said rollers unsupported at their outer ends, means for rotating the rollers at different rates of speed, means for delivering blanks or sheets to saidrollers with a portion of said sheets projecting beyond the unsupported end of the rollers, means engaging the rollers by which the sheet is Wound upon g the roller to form a tube, means engaging the ends of the rollers during the revolution of the drum to fold in the projecting end of the tube, and air-pressure mechanism by which the finished tube is discharged from the rollers.

3S. The combination in a shell-making machine, of an intermittently-rotatablesupport, hollow-tube formers carried by said support, said formers rotatable independently of said support, and Varying in speed during the different inoveinents of the support, said formers unsupported at their outer ends, and including a male coupling on one segment and a corresponding female member on acompanion segmeu t, means in relation to said su pport by which the open end of a tube carried by a former is folded, air-pressure mechanism disposed in the path of the open end of the formers, and means for operating said air mechanism to discharge a complet-ed tube from a former.

39. The combination in a shell-making machine,'of an intermittently revol uble support, independently-revoluble, hollow-tube formers carried thereby, means for rotating the formers at dierent. rates of speed, means in relation to said su pport by which the projecting end of a tube carried by said formers is folded in during successive movements of the support, and plunger mechanism operable in line with each former on the completion ofa revolution of said-support whereby the -infolded edges of the tubes are compressed against the ends of the formers.

40. A shell-making machine consisting in combination of a feed mechanism including a vertically and intermittently movable support for the blanks, a horizontally-reciprocable feeder by which said blanks are fed forward singly, Verticallyreciprocating stop means adapted to be interposed in the path of said blanks, rollers between Which said blanks are fed on the release of said stop means, a movable table upon which the blanks are delivered, means by which an edge of said blanks is pasted, tube-forming mechanism including rotatable cylindrical jawsegments, and means by which said jaws are actuated to engage a sheet.

4l. A shell-making machine consisting in combination of an intermittentlymovable support for the blanks,a reciprocating feeder, an oscillating table, an intermittently-rotatable support, hollow-tube formers having cylindrical jaw-segments carried by said support and rotatable independent-ly thereof, means for rotating the formers at dierent rates of speed, a bell-crank-lever mechanism engaging said formers to open the said jaws to receive a sheet, means for turning in the end of the tubes, and pneumatic means .for discharging the finished tubes from the formers.

42. An automatic and continuously operating shell-making machine, comprising in combination an intermittently-movable blank-support, a reciprocating feeder, an oscillating table or apron, an intermittently-operated brush-roller carried by said apron, stop members47 pivoted on said apron, in-

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,termittently-rotatable tube-forming mechanism, and bell-cranklever mechanism 48 substantially as and for the purpose described.

43. In a shell-making machine, the combination with a revoluble support or drum, independently-rotatable mandrels on said drum, means by which said drum and mandrels are given a simultaneous but intermittent movement, and an adjustably-secured segmental plate or ironing-surface 82 engaging the mandrels during their rotation.

44. In a shell-making machine, the combination with tube-roller mechanism of an oscillating feed table or apron, said table comprising upper and lower sets of guide-bars between which a sheet is adapted to be received and held, and intermittently-movable dogs by which the movement of the sheet on said apron is temporarily arrested.

45. In a shell-making machine, the combination of a movable feed-table, said table comprising upper and lower sets of guide-bars between which a sheet is adapted to be received, arms 43 carrying dogs engaging the front edge of the sheet to temporarily arrest the travel of the sheet, friction-driven brushrollers carried by the table, and stop-fingers 45, pivoted to said table, substantially as and for the purpose described.

46. In a shell-making machine, the combination of a movable feed-table, having upper and lower guard-bars between which a sheet is adapted to be received, feed-rollers by which the sheet is delivered upon said table, one of said rollers being journaled in the frame, pivoted levers upon which the other roller is carried, means by which said rollers are brought together intermittently, adjustable stop means adapted to engage a sheet to retard it temporarily on the table, and a reciprocating paste mechanism having a cordinate movement with the movements of said rollers and stop means by which an adhesive substance is applied to the lower side ot' the sheet during the time said sheet is so retarded.

47. In a shell-making machine the combination with a plurality of intermittently and independently revoluble mandrels radially disposed in relation to a common axis; means by which the mandrels are given dilerent rates of speed at dil-ferent portions of their travel; a support; lingers operating in the support outwardly and in unison; and means for operating the fingers.

48. In a shell-making machine, the combination with a mandrel rotatable upon its axis and movable intermittently through the are of a circle, said mandrel rotatable at dierent rates ofspeed at dilerent portions of its travel, of a folding mechanism included within said are and comprising a series of fingers operat ing outwardly and in unison.

49. In a shell-making machine, the combination with a plurality of mandrels, intermittently revoluble at different rates of speed at dierent portions of their travel, and in unison, about a common axis, of tu be-folding mechanism including a stationary support, radially-movable lingers carried by the support and an oscillating cam-plate by which the fingers are forced outward in unison to engage the ends of the mandrels.

In witness whereof We have hereunto set our hands.

CI-IAUNCEY E. INGALS. ARTHUR V. JACKSON.

Witnesses:

FARRAR C. JACKSON, WALTER H. JACKSON. 

